Commentary to article 82. Violation by a medical professional of the rules for the sale of medicines and prescription requirements established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Republic of Kazakhstan
1. Violation by a medical professional of the rules for the sale of medicines and prescribing requirements established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, –
entails a fine for individuals in the amount of five, for officials – in the amount of ten monthly calculation indices.
2. The same act committed repeatedly within a year after the imposition of an administrative penalty, –
entails a fine for individuals in the amount of ten monthly calculation indices with or without deprivation of a specialist certificate, for officials – in the amount of twenty monthly calculation indices.
The generic object of an administrative offense provided for in Article 82 of the Administrative Code is public relations arising in connection with the exercise by citizens of the right to health protection provided for in Article 29 of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The direct object of an administrative offense is the established procedure for the sale of medicines and prescriptions.
The procedure for the release of medicines has been developed in order to prevent the receipt of low-quality medicines and to prevent a decrease in their quality during their storage and sale.
Prescribing requirements are primarily driven by concern for the patient and an understanding of the fact that medications can not only be beneficial, but also harmful, especially if they are used without control.
A medicinal product is a product that is or contains a substance or a combination of substances that comes into contact with the human body, intended for the treatment, prevention of human diseases or the restoration, correction or modification of its physiological functions through pharmacological, immunological or metabolic effects, or for the diagnosis of human diseases and conditions (paragraph 18 of Article 1 of the Code "On the health of the people and the healthcare system" dated September 18, 2009).
According to the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of healthcare, over-the-counter sale of medicines intended for medical prescription is prohibited.
A prescription is an instruction from the person prescribing the prescription to the person prescribing the medicine.
Multicomponent medicines containing small doses of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors, which are not subject to control in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and which are not isolated from the drug by readily available methods in quantities sufficient for abuse of these substances, do not belong to the prescription category.
Prescription medicines include:
1) medicinal products containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors subject to control in the Republic of Kazakhstan in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, precursors and measures to counteract their illicit trafficking and abuse;
2) medicines intended for parenteral administration;
3) medicines, including diagnostic medicines, used only in a hospital setting;
4) medicines, the appointment and further use of which must be carried out under the constant supervision of a doctor;
5) medicinal products intended for the treatment of diseases, the diagnosis of which can be established in a hospital setting or in institutions with the necessary diagnostic equipment, and the use of the medicinal product and subsequent monitoring can be carried out on an outpatient basis;
6) medicinal products containing a medicinal substance, the activity and (or) undesirable reactions of which require further study:
- newly registered medicinal products with a new active ingredient;
- medicines with limited use experience and/or low sales (taking into account the post-marketing experience of using the drug in other countries, including use in the general population (if there are clinical studies);
- new dosage, new dosage regimen, new method of administration, new indication for use, new age groups;
7) medicinal products that pose a danger to human health when used in accordance with the instructions for medical use of the medicinal product without medical supervision (toxicity, including reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, serious adverse reactions related to the pharmacological activity of the active substance of the medicinal product, serious unforeseen adverse reactions, interactions with commonly used medicinal products drugs that can cause serious adverse reactions, masking the underlying disease);
8) medicinal products that pose a danger to human health when using the medicinal product by the public without complying with the requirements of the instructions for medical use of the medicinal product (adverse reactions with prolonged use of the medicinal product: tolerance, cumulative effects, withdrawal or rebound syndrome, development of dependence, drug interactions).
The classification of medicines into over-the-counter and prescription drugs is regulated by the Rules for Classifying Medicines as Prescription Drugs, approved by Order of the Minister of Health and Social Development No. 11233 dated May 29, 2015.
The objective side of the administrative offense in question is the violation by a medical professional:
- rules for the sale of medicines established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
- prescribing requirements established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
A violation by a medical professional of the rules for the sale of medicines and prescribing requirements should be recognized as the actions of a medical professional that violate the terms and conditions set out in legally binding documents.
The rules for the sale of medicines were approved by the Order of the Minister of Health and Social Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated September 14, 2015 No. 713 "On Approval of the Rules for the wholesale and retail sale of medicines, medical devices and medical equipment".
Wholesale and retail sales of medicines are carried out by entities that have received a license or notified of the start of activities in accordance with the procedure established by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated May 16, 2014 "On Permits and Notifications".
The wholesale sale of medicines is carried out in compliance with the following requirements:
1) wholesale sale of medicines purchased only from manufacturers or entities that have licenses for pharmaceutical activities and an appendix to the license for the wholesale sale of medicines or have notified of the commencement of activities in accordance with the procedure established by the Law on Permits and Notifications;
2) medicinal products are sold to entities that have a license for pharmaceutical or medical activities or have notified of the commencement of activities in accordance with the procedure established by the Law on Permits and Notifications.;
3) medicines are sold after receiving an opinion on safety and quality in accordance with the Rules of Safety and Quality Assessment.;
4) the premises, areas and equipment meet the Qualification requirements;
5) medicines are stored and transported in conditions that ensure the preservation of their safety, effectiveness and quality, in accordance with the Rules for the Storage and Transportation of Medicines, medical devices and medical equipment, approved by the Order of the Minister of Health and Social Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated April 24, 2015 No. 262;
6) entities engaged in the wholesale sale of medicines ensure the availability and functioning of a documentation system that allows tracing the actions performed in relation to any received and shipped batch (batch) of products from the supplier to the buyer and establishing the location of the medicinal product, as defined in paragraph 4 of Article 69 of the Code "On Public Health and the Healthcare System."
7) entities engaged in the wholesale sale of medicines shall ensure the documentary recording of the facts of the discovery of medicines defined in paragraph 4 of Article 69 of the Code, notification of them, withdrawal from the market and informing the authorized body or its territorial divisions.
The wholesale and retail sale of medicines and medical products is prohibited.:
who have not passed the state registration in the Republic of Kazakhstan;
the quality of which is not confirmed by the conclusion on safety and quality in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of healthcare.;
which do not comply with the requirements of the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of healthcare;
expired;
medical workers in healthcare organizations, with the exception of the cases provided for in paragraph 6 of this Article.;
through temporary storage warehouses for medicines and medical devices.
The retail sale of medicines is carried out in compliance with the following requirements:
1) entities engaged in the retail sale of medicines have appropriate facilities and equipment available;
2) medicines are stored and transported in conditions that ensure the preservation of their safety, effectiveness and quality, in accordance with the Rules of Storage and Transportation;
3) entities engaged in the retail sale of medicines purchase registered medicines that have passed a safety and quality assessment in accordance with the procedure established by the Rules for Safety and Quality Assessment from entities licensed for pharmaceutical activities or notified of the commencement of activities in accordance with the procedure established by the Law on Permits and Notifications;
4) entities engaged in the retail sale of medicines shall sell registered medicines that have passed the safety and quality assessment in accordance with the procedure established by the Rules for Safety and Quality Assessment to the public, as well as to individuals engaged in private medical practice who have a license for medical activity or who have notified the commencement of activity in accordance with the procedure established by the Law on Permits and Notifications, as well as over-the-counter medicines and medical devices to third-party organizations;
In addition to the above requirements for the wholesale and retail sale of medicines, medical professionals should additionally comply with:
- medicines prescribed by veterinarians are not subject to retail sale;
- retail sale of medicines to the population within the framework of the GOMBP is carried out according to a prescription issued on prescription forms for free leave, which are valid within the administrative-territorial unit of the republic (district, city, region) within 10 calendar days from the date of their issuance;
- retail sale of medicines containing narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances subject to control to the population is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their analogues and precursors subject to control in the Republic of Kazakhstan;
- when prescribing a drug in a dose exceeding the highest single dose, the doctor in the prescription indicates the dose of the drug in words and an exclamation mark. If the doctor does not comply with this requirement, the pharmaceutical worker releases the prescribed drug in half of the prescribed maximum single dose.;
- in the absence of a medicinal product prescribed by a doctor, the specialist of the retail facility offers the patient, without consulting the doctor, synonyms of the medicinal product under an international nonproprietary name, available in the assortment, starting with the drug at the lowest price, or replaces it with a pharmacological analogue in consultation with the attending physician. (At the same time, the trade name of the dispensed medicinal product should be indicated on the back of the prescription, and the date of release should be signed);
- a prescription that does not meet the requirements of its registration and/or contains incompatible components for the individual manufacture of a medicinal product is considered invalid and left at a pharmacy or pharmacy point. (In this case, the specialist of the retail facility releases the prescribed medication to the patient, with the exception of a custom-made medicinal product containing incompatible components).
The rules for the sale of medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors to patients are established by the Order of the Minister of Health and Social Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 32 dated January 26, 2015 "On Approval of the Rules for the medical use of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors subject to control in the Republic of Kazakhstan."
According to art . 1 of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances, their analogues and precursors and measures to counteract their illicit trafficking and abuse" dated July 10, 1998, substances of synthetic or natural origin included in the List of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Precursors subject to control in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan are recognized as narcotic drugs, The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961, as amended, as amended in accordance with the 1972 Protocol on Amendments to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961.
Psychotropic substances are substances of synthetic or natural origin included in the List of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Precursors subject to control in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, international treaties of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971.
Precursors should be understood as substances used in the production, manufacture, and processing of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, and their analogues included in the List of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances, and Precursors Subject to Control in the Republic of Kazakhstan in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, international treaties of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including the United Nations Convention against Illicit Trafficking narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in 1988.
Table II of the List is a list of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances used for medical purposes and under strict control.
Table III of the List is a list of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances used for medical purposes and under control.
Table IV of the List is a list of precursors (chemical and herbal substances often used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic and psychotropic substances) that are under control.
Medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in Tables II, III, IV of the List are dispensed from pharmacy organizations:
1) legal entities licensed to work in the field of trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in the healthcare system on demand for narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors, in accordance with Annex 9 to these Rules on the basis of a power of attorney;
2) for the population on a doctor's prescription, with the exception of potassium permanganate in packages of 3.0 and 5.0 grams.
If there are no pharmacies in a locality licensed to carry out activities related to trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors, provision is carried out through medical organizations licensed to operate in connection with trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors.
The requirements of a healthcare organization for obtaining narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors are written out in Latin or Russian separately from the requirements for other medicines, indicating their quantities in words, certified by the signature of the head of the healthcare organization or his deputy and sealed with the seal of the organization.
The healthcare organization provides the pharmacy organization with a list of doctors who write prescriptions for medicines in Table II of the List, samples of their signatures and personal seals (if any), certified by the signature of the first head and seal (if any) of the healthcare organization.
When medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, and precursors are dispensed to a patient, the name, quantity of the dispensed drug, date, and signature of the dispenser are indicated on the back of the prescription.
When disposing of medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors, the patient is given a signature with a yellow stripe diagonally (from left to right) in accordance with Appendix 10 to these Rules with data fully corresponding to the prescription and the factory label (manufacturer, country, batch number) instead of the prescription. The signature is certified by the signature of the pharmaceutical employee who dispensed the medicine, and is also sealed with the seal of the pharmacy organization.
The distribution of medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in Tables II, III, IV of the List to healthcare organizations is carried out by proxy, indicating the name of the drugs received, dose, concentration, dosage form and quantity (in words).
The commission of actions by a medical professional that do not comply with these requirements should be recognized as a violation of the rules for the sale of medicines established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The rules for prescribing prescriptions were approved by the Order of the Minister of Health and Social Development No. 373 dated May 22, 2015 "On Approval of the Rules for Prescribing, Accounting and storage of Prescriptions".
The requirements for prescribing prescribed by law include:
- prescriptions are issued by medical staff of healthcare organizations within their competence, if there are appropriate medical indications on forms in accordance with the form approved by the Order of the Acting Minister of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated November 23, 2010 No. 907 "On approval of forms of primary medical documentation of healthcare organizations";
- prescriptions are certified with the signature and personal seal of the medical professional who wrote the prescription;
- prescriptions for medicines and medical devices within the guaranteed volume of free medical care at the outpatient level are written out, recorded and monitored in an automated system in electronic form (in case of force majeure, prescriptions are issued manually);
- prescriptions for medicines free of charge or on preferential terms are additionally signed by an authorized person determined by the order of the medical organization and certified with the seal of the healthcare organization "For prescriptions".
The head of the medical and obstetric center certifies the prescription for medicines free of charge or on a preferential basis with his signature and seal of the medical and obstetric center.
In rural settlements, in the absence of doctors, prescriptions are written by average medical professionals who conduct outpatient admission of patients.
- prescriptions are written out in Latin, under an international nonproprietary or trade name of medicines, legibly with mandatory filling of all the columns provided in the form, the method of application is prescribed in the appropriate column in the state or Russian languages, indicating the dose, frequency and duration of administration. It is not allowed to limit yourself to general instructions ("Known", "Internal", "External"). Corrections to the recipe are not allowed.
Solid bulk substances are written out in grams (0,001; 0,02; 0,3; 1,0), liquid - in milliliters, grams and drops.
The basic prescription abbreviations are used in the recipe.
- one prescription form for medicines free of charge or on a preferential basis, medicines containing derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline, hormonal steroids, clonidine, anabolic steroids, codeine, tropicamide, cyclopentolate, tramadol, butorphanol indicates one name of the drug, and for other medicines - no more than two names.;
- when prescribing a drug in a dose exceeding the highest single dose, the doctor in the prescription indicates the dose of the drug in words and an exclamation mark.;
Prescriptions are not prescribed for medicines:
- used exclusively in healthcare organizations providing inpatient care;
- not registered and not approved for use in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The commission of actions by a medical professional that do not comply with these requirements should be recognized as a violation of the prescribing requirements established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The requirements for prescribing prescriptions to patients for medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors are established by the Order of the Minister of Health and Social Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 32 dated January 26, 2015 "On Approval of the Rules for the Medical Use of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Precursors subject to Control in the Republic of Kazakhstan" (hereinafter, the Rules).
The requirements for prescribing medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors include:
- prescriptions for medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in Tables II, III, IV of the List are written out in Latin by paramedics, obstetricians, doctors of healthcare organizations or doctors conducting independent admission, if there are appropriate medical indications and certified with a signature, personal seal (if any), stamp and seal (if available) healthcare organizations;
- medicines containing narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances of Table II of the List are prescribed to outpatient patients on a special pink prescription form, printed in A6 format, with a code, a number of the form and a degree of protection in accordance with Annex 5 of the Rules. (The code includes a conditional numeric designation of the administrative-territorial unit of the Republic of Kazakhstan in accordance with Appendix 6 of the Rules);
- prescriptions on special prescription forms are written out by the doctor himself, certified with a stamp, seal (if any) of the healthcare organization, personal seal (if any) of the doctor and the signature of the doctor. (The prescription specifies the site number, medical documentation number, last name, first name, patronymic (if any) of the doctor who wrote the prescription, as well as last name, first name, patronymic (if any), individual identification number (hereinafter referred to as IIN), age and address of the patient's place of residence);
- the spines of special prescription forms are filled out identically to the prescription and stored in the healthcare organization by the person responsible for their safety;
- if the appointment of a medicinal product containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in Tables II, III, IV of the List is carried out on an outpatient basis within the guaranteed volume of free medical care, in addition to a special prescription form, an additional prescription for free leave is issued. (Written prescriptions are automatically reflected in the Information System of Drug Provision);
- prescriptions for medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in Tables III and IV of the List are written out on prescription forms of the prescribed sample in form No. 130/u, approved by Order of the Acting Minister of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated November 23, 2010 No. 907 "On approval of forms of primary medical documentation of healthcare organizations" (registered in the Register of State registration of regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan for No. 6697);
- the name of a medicinal product containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors, which is part of a multicomponent dosage form, is written first in the prescription, then all other ingredients are indicated.;
- when prescribing medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in a dose exceeding a single dose, the dose of the drug is written in words and an exclamation mark is placed. If the doctor does not comply with this requirement, the pharmaceutical worker releases the prescribed drug in half of the highest single dose.;
- one name of a medicinal product containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors of Tables II, III, IV of the List is written out on one prescription form in quantities not exceeding the maximum permissible norms for prescribing and dispensing medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors per prescription in accordance with Annex 8 of the Rules;
- to improve the quality of life of terminally ill patients suffering from severe, progressive diseases in the terminal (terminal) stage, the amount of a drug containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in Tables II, III, IV of the List prescribed in one prescription may be prescribed on several prescriptions in quantities sufficient for 10-15 calendar days of therapy, and for a person living in a settlement remote from the district center - for 25-30 calendar days of therapy, but no more than the maximum permissible standards.;
- prescriptions for medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in Tables III and IV of the List for patients with chronic diseases are allowed to be prescribed for a course of treatment for up to one month. In these cases, the prescription form indicates "For a special purpose." The doctor prescribes the instruction "for a special purpose" with his own hand, certifies it with his signature and personal seal.;
- prescriptions for medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in the Tables of the List are valid for 15 calendar days from the date of issue of the prescription;
- prescriptions are written out legibly with the obligatory filling of all the columns provided in the form. Corrections in the recipe are not allowed.;
- the method of application of the drug is indicated in the state or Russian language, indicating the dose, frequency and duration of administration. It is not allowed to limit yourself to general instructions.
Prescribing and dispensing prescriptions is not allowed.:
1) write prescriptions for medicines that are not registered in the state register of medicines, medical devices and medical equipment of the Republic of Kazakhstan and are not allowed for use in the Republic of Kazakhstan;
2) prescribe medicines containing narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in Table II of the List to patients suffering from drug addiction;
3) Prescribe and dispense ethyl ether and injectable fentanyl solutions to outpatient patients;
4) prescribe and dispense medicines containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors on a single prescription form in quantities exceeding the norms specified in the maximum permissible norms;
5) dispense narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors prescribed in the prescription outside of the manufactured form.
The commission of actions by a medical professional that do not comply with these requirements should be recognized as a violation of the prescribing requirements established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The subjects of the offense in question may be individuals and legal entities engaged in relevant pharmaceutical activities in accordance with the procedure established by law.
The subjective side of the offense under consideration is characterized by an intentional form of guilt.
Differentiated fines are provided for this offense.:
- for individuals in the amount of five MCI,
- for officials in the amount of ten MCI.
In accordance with Part 2 of Article 700 of the Administrative Code, cases of administrative offenses under Article 82 (part one) may be considered and administrative penalties imposed by the head of the state body for control in the provision of medical services, his deputies, heads of territorial divisions and their deputies.
Part 2 of the commented article defines the commission of a similar offense repeatedly as a qualifying feature within a year after the imposition of an administrative penalty under part one of Article 82 of the Administrative Code.
Differentiated fines are provided for the commission of an offense under Part 2 of Article 82 of the Administrative Code.:
- for individuals in the amount of ten MCI with or without loss of a specialist certificate,
- for officials - in the amount of twenty MCI.
In accordance with Part 1 of Article 684 of the Administrative Code, cases of administrative offenses under Part 2 of Article 82 of the Administrative Code are considered by judges of specialized district and equivalent administrative courts.
Scientific and practical commentary to the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Administrative Offences (article-by-article) from the Author's team:
Bachurin Sergey Nikolaevich, Candidate of Law, Associate Professor – chapter 48 (co-authored with E.M. Khakimov);
Gabdualiev Mereke Trekovich, Candidate of Law – Chapters 11, 21, 22, 23;
Zhusipbekova Ainur Maratovna, M.yu.n. – chapter 13 (co-authored with Karpekin A.V.); chapters 33, 39 (co-authored with Seitzhanov O.T.);
Karpekin Alexander Vladimirovich, Candidate of Law, Associate Professor – chapter 13 (in collaboration with Zhusipbekova A.M.);
Korneychuk Sergey Vasilyevich – chapters 2; chapter 6 (co-authored with O.T. Seitzhanov, E.M. Khakimov); chapter 8; chapter 25 (co-authored with E.M. Khakimov); articles 457-470, 488, 488-1, 491-506; chapters 28, 30, 52;
Ilya Petrovich Koryakin, Doctor of Law, Professor – Chapter 49;
Kisykova Gulnara Bauyrzhanovna, Candidate of Law – chapter 20;
Omarova Botagoz Akimgereevna, Candidate of Law – chapters 17; chapter 18 (co-authored with B.A. Parmankulova); chapters 26, 31; chapter 32 (co-authored with B.A. Parmankulova);
Parmankulova Bayan Askhanbaevna – chapter 18 (co-authored with Omarova B.A.); chapters 19, 32 (co-authored with Omarova B.A.); chapter 43 (co-authored with Tukiev A.S.);
Podoprigora Roman Anatolyevich, Doctor of Law, Professor - Chapter 24, articles 489, 489-1, 490;
Porokhov Evgeny Viktorovich, Doctor of Law – Chapters 14, 15, 16, 29, articles 471-475;
Seitzhanov Olzhas Temirzhanovich, Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, – chapter 4; chapter 5 (co-authored with E. M. Khakimov); chapter 6 (co-authored with S.V. Korneychuk, E.M. Khakimov); chapter 9; chapter 10 (co-authored with B.E. Shaimerdenov, V.V. Filin); chapter 33 (co-authored with Zhusipbekova A.M.); chapter 36 (co-authored with Shaimerdenov B.E.); chapter 39 (co-authored with Zhusipbekova A.M.);
Smyshlyaev Alexander Sergeevich, PhD. – chapters 38, 40, 42, 43-1 (co-authored with A.S. Tukiev); chapter 44;
Aslan Sultanovich Tukiev - Candidate of Law, Associate Professor – chapters 1, 3, 35; chapters 38, 40, 42, (co-authored with A.S. Smyshlyaev); chapter 43 (co-authored with B.A. Parmankulova); chapter 43-1 (co-authored with A.S. Smyshlyaev); chapter 44-1 (co-authored with Shipp D.A.); chapter 45; 46 (co-authored with Shipp D.A.); chapter 47;
Filin Vladimir Vladimirovich, Candidate of Law, Associate Professor – Chapter 10 (in collaboration with O.T. Seitzhanov, B.E. Shaimerdenov);
Yerzhan Maratovich Khakimov, M.yu.n. – chapter 5 (co-authored with O.T. Seitzhanov); chapter 6 (co-authored with O.T. Seitzhanov, S.V. Korneychuk); chapter 7; chapter 25 (co-authored with S.V. Korneychuk); chapters 34, 41; chapter 48 (co-authored with S.N. Bachurin); chapter 53;
Shaimerdenov Bolat Yerkenovich, M.yu.n., – chapter 10 (co-authored with O.T. Seitzhanov, V.V. Filin); chapter 12; articles 476-487, 507-509; chapter 36 (co-authored with O.T. Seitzhanov); chapters 37, 50, 51.
Shipp Denis Alekseevich – chapters 44-1, 46 (in collaboration with A.S. Tukiev).
Date of amendment of the act: 01.01.2020 Date of adoption of the act: 01.01.2020 Place of acceptance: 100050000000 Authority that adopted the act: 103001000000 Region of operation: 100000000000 NPA registration number assigned by the regulatory body: 5 Status of the act: new Sphere of legal relations: 029000000000 / 028000000000 / 029002000000 / 028004000000 / 029001000000 / 026000000000 / 001000000000 / 001008000000 / 030000000000 The form of the act: COMM / CODE Legal force: 1900 Language of the Act: rus
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