On the ratification of the Agreement between the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan and the People's Republic of China on Confidence-building in the military field in the Border Area
3 A K O N OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN dated December 24, 1996 N 57-I
To ratify the Agreement between the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan and the People's Republic of China on confidence-building in the military field in the border area, signed in Shanghai on April 26, 1996.
President
Republic of Kazakhstan
S O G L A S E N I E
between the Republic of Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyz Republic, Russian Federation,
The Republic of Tajikistan and the People's Republic of China
on confidence-building in the military field in the border area
The Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan, forming a Joint Party, and the People's Republic of China, hereinafter referred to as the Parties, considering that the maintenance and development of long-term relations of good-neighborliness and friendship meet the fundamental interests of the five States and their peoples; Convinced that strengthening security, maintaining calm and stability in the border area between Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, on the one hand, and China, on the other hand (hereinafter referred to as the border area), are an important contribution to maintaining peace in the Asia-Pacific region; Affirming the mutual non-use of force or threat of force refusal to gain unilateral military superiority; Guided by the Agreement between the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Guiding Principles of Mutual Reduction of Armed Forces and Confidence-building in the Military Field in the Area of the Soviet-Chinese Border dated April 24, 1990; in accordance with the results achieved by the Parties in negotiations on mutual reduction of armed forces and confidence-building in the military field in the area borders; In an effort to strengthen confidence and increase transparency in the military field, we have agreed on the following:
Article 1 The armed forces of the Parties stationed in the border area, as an integral part of the armed forces of the Parties, will not be used to attack the other Side, conduct any military activities that threaten the other Side and disrupt peace and stability in the border area.
Article 2 1. In order to develop good-neighborly and friendly relations, maintain long-term stability in the border area, and strengthen mutual trust in the military field in the border area, the Parties take the following measures: 1.1 - exchange information on the agreed components of the armed forces and border troops (border units); 1.2 - do not conduct military exercises directed against the other Side; 1.3 - limit the scale, geographical limits and number of military exercises; 1.4 - notify of large-scale military activities and troop movements caused by an emergency situation; 1.5 - notify of the temporary deployment of troops and weapons into a 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the border line between Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, on the one hand, and China, on the other hand (hereinafter referred to as the line borders); 1.6 - mutually invite observers to military exercises; 1.7 - notify of the temporary entry of combat river ships of the Navy/ naval forces into the 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the line of the Eastern part of the Russian-Chinese border; 1.8 - take measures to prevent dangerous military activities; 1.9 - request about unclear situations; 1.10 - strengthen friendly contacts between military personnel the armed forces and border troops (border units) in the border area and implement other confidence-building measures agreed by the Parties. 2. The application of the above measures is specifically defined in the relevant articles of this Agreement.
Article 3 1. The Parties shall exchange information on the number of personnel and the number of main types of weapons and military equipment of the ground forces, air force, air defense forces, border troops (border units) stationed in a 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the border line. The Parties exchange the above-mentioned information in accordance with the Main Categories of Information Exchange, which are an integral part of this Agreement (according to the annex). 2. The information will be provided as follows: 2.1 - 60 days after the entry into force of this Agreement - information as of the date of entry into force of the Agreement; 2.2 - before December 15 of each year - information as of January 1 of the following year. 3. The information that the Parties exchange in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and receive during the implementation of this Agreement is confidential. Neither Party discloses, publishes or transmits this information to a third party without the consent of the other Party. In the event of termination of this Agreement, the Parties shall continue to comply with the provisions of this paragraph of this article.
Article 4 1. The Parties shall not conduct military exercises directed against the other Party. 2. The parties in the 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the border line do not conduct military exercises with more than 40,000 participants: on the Eastern part of the Russian-Chinese border, 40,000 people; on the Western part of the Russian-Chinese border and on the border of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan with China, 4,000 people or 50 combat tanks each individually or jointly. 3. The parties in the 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the line of the Eastern part of the Russian-Chinese border conduct military exercises with more than 25,000 participants no more than once a year. 4. Within the 15-kilometer zone on both sides of the border line, the Parties may conduct military exercises with the participation of no more than one regiment in live firing. 5. The Sides do not deploy new combat units within the 10-kilometer zone on either side of the border line, except for the border troops (border units).
Article 5 1. The Parties shall notify about military activities in the 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the border line in the following cases when: 1.1 - a military exercise with more than 25 thousand participants is being conducted; 1.2 - troops stationed outside the 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the border line are temporarily 9 or more thousand people or 250 or more combat tanks are being deployed to this zone.; 1.3 - the number of conscripted personnel in a 100-kilometer geographical area on both sides of the border line reaches or exceeds 9 thousand people. 2. The Parties shall notify each other on a voluntary basis of military exercises involving 9,000 or more people or 250 or more combat tanks conducted at any time in a 100-kilometer geographical area on both sides of the border line and outside this zone. 3. Notifications of the above-mentioned military activity will be given in writing through diplomatic channels at least 10 days before it begins. The notification contains information on the total number of personnel involved, the number of military formations at the regimental level and above, the number of battle tanks, armored combat vehicles, artillery systems of 122 mm caliber and above, combat aircraft, combat helicopters, tactical missile launchers, as well as the objectives, timing, area of military activity and levels of command. 4. In the event that one of the Parties, as a result of any military activity, may cause damage to the other Party, or if an emergency situation requires the movement of troops of 9 or more thousand people or the assistance of the other Party, it shall promptly notify the other Party.
Article 6 1. A Party conducting military exercises in a 100-kilometer geographical area from the border line shall invite observers from the other Party if the number of participating troops reaches or exceeds 35,000 people. 2. The Parties conducting military exercises in a 100-kilometer geographical area on both sides of the border line mutually invite observers from the other Side if the number of participating troops reaches or exceeds 25 thousand people. 3. The Parties conducting military exercises in a 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the border line and outside this zone, on a voluntary basis, mutually invite observers from the other Side if the number of participating troops reaches or exceeds 13 thousand people or 300 or more combat tanks. 4. The inviting Party shall send a written invitation to the other Party through diplomatic channels at least 30 days before the start of such exercises, stating: 4.1 - the beginning and duration of the exercises and the planned duration of the observation program; 4.2 - date, time and point of arrival and departure of observers; 4.3 - means of observation provided to observers; 4.4 - transport and living conditions. The invited Party shall respond to the invitation at least 10 days before the date of arrival of the observers indicated therein. If the response from the invited Party is not received in a timely manner, it means that the observers are not being sent. 5. The invited Party may send no more than 6 observers to the observed military exercises. 6. The invited Party shall bear the transportation costs for the round trip of its observers to the specified point of arrival and departure. The receiving Party shall bear the corresponding costs associated with the observers' stay on its territory. 7. The inviting Party provides the observers with a monitoring program, relevant materials and other assistance. 8. Observers are required to comply with the relevant rules of the receiving Party regarding the location, route and limits of observation.
Article 7 1. Combat riverine ships of the Navy/ naval forces of the Parties (ships, boats designed for combat operations and armed with combat weapons systems) may temporarily enter the 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the border line for the following purposes: 1.1 - elimination of consequences of natural disasters; 1.2 - passage through 100-a kilometer-long geographical area on both sides of the border line without causing damage. 2. Russian combat riverine ships of the Navy may temporarily enter a 100-kilometer geographical zone from the line of the Eastern part of the Russian-Chinese border for the following purposes: 2.1 - for repair, modernization, removal of weapons, separation into parts and conversion for civilian purposes at ship repair plants in Khabarovsk and Blagoveshchensk or at other ship repair plants 2.2 - to participate in national celebrations in Khabarovsk and Blagoveshchensk. 3. The temporary entry of riverine combat ships of the Navy/naval forces into a 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the border line for purposes not specified above may be carried out only after prior agreement by the Parties. 4. The total number of combat riverine ships of the navy / naval forces of each Side, simultaneously located in a 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides of the border line, should not exceed 4 units. 5. 6 months after the entry into force of this Agreement, the Parties, taking into account paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, must notify each other in writing 7 days in advance through diplomatic channels or through border representatives about the temporary entry of riverine warships of the Navy/naval forces into the 100-kilometer geographical zone on both sides. from the border line. In case of emergency, the temporary entry of riverine combat ships of the Navy/naval forces into the specified zone must be carried out after prior notification to the other Party. 6. The notification should contain the following information: 6.1 - the purpose of the temporary approach; 6.2 - types, side numbers and number of incoming combat river ships of the Navy/naval forces; 6.3 - date of the beginning and end of the approach; 6.4 - place of temporary stay (geographical name and geographical coordinates).
Article 8 1. The Parties shall take the following measures aimed at preventing dangerous military activities and their consequences in the border area: 1.1 - personnel of the armed forces of the Parties shall exercise caution when conducting military activities in the border area; 1.2 - when moving troops, exercises, live firing, sailing ships and aircraft flights, the Parties shall strive not to to allow these actions to escalate into dangerous military activities; 1.3 - the use of a laser by one of the Parties should not cause damage to the personnel and equipment of the other Party by its radiation; 1.4 - the use of radio interference by one of the Parties to its control networks should not cause damage to the personnel and equipment of the other Party; 1.5 - during live firing exercises, measures are taken to prevent accidental ingress of bullets, shells, missiles entering the territory of the other Party and causing damage to its personnel and equipment. 2. In case of incidents caused by dangerous military activities. The parties should take measures to stop such activities, clarify the situation and compensate for damage. Compensation for damage caused as a result of dangerous military activities of one of the States is carried out in this State in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms of international law. The parties resolve the interrogations that have arisen through consultations. 3. The Parties use all possible ways to report dangerous military incidents.
Article 9 1. In the event of an unclear situation in the border area or in connection with questions and doubts from one Party regarding compliance with the Agreement by the other Party, each Party has the right to make a request to the other Party. 2. To resolve any questions and doubts that arise: 2.1 - the requested Party is obliged to respond to the relevant request from the other Party within 7 days (in emergency situations - within 2 days).; 2.2 - if, after receiving a response from the other Party, the requesting Party still has questions and doubts, it may again request additional clarifications from the other Party or propose a meeting to discuss this issue. The meeting place will be determined by agreement of the Parties. 3. In order to eliminate and resolve questions and doubts that arise from the other Party in connection with an unclear situation, the requested Party may, at its discretion, invite the other Party to visit the areas in respect of which questions and doubts have arisen. The conditions for such visits, including the number of invited representatives, are determined by the inviting Party. The costs of conducting these visits on its territory are borne by the inviting Party. 4. The requests provided for above and the responses to them will be transmitted through diplomatic channels.
Article 10 1. The Parties shall implement and develop the following forms of cooperation between the armed forces in adjacent military districts: 1.1 - mutual official visits of military leaders; 1.2 - mutual study tours of military delegations and groups of specialists at various levels; 1.3 - mutual invitations on a voluntary basis of observers to military and command-staff exercises; 1.4 - exchange, military construction experience, combat training, as well as materials and information about the life and activities of the troops; 1.5 - cooperation of the home front in construction, food and clothing supplies to troops and in other areas; 1.6 - mutual invitations on a voluntary basis to participate in national holidays, cultural events and sports competitions; 1.7 - other forms of cooperation as agreed by the Parties. 2. Specific cooperation plans are coordinated by the external relations bodies of the armed forces of the Parties.
Article 11 1. Border troops (border units) The Parties are developing cooperation in the following areas: 1.1 - establishing and developing contacts between border units at all levels, discussing issues of border cooperation and exchanging information conducive to border cooperation; 1.2 - holding consultations and implementing coordinated measures to curb illegal activities, maintain peace and stability at the state border.; 1.3 - prevention of possible incidents and conflict situations at the state border; 1.4 - timely notification and mutual assistance in case of natural disasters, epidemics, epizootics, etc., which may cause damage to the other Side; 1.5 - exchange of experience in protecting the state border and training border troops (border units); 1.6 - exchange of delegations, development of cultural, sports exchanges and other types of friendly contacts. 2. Specific measures for cooperation between the border troops (border units) are coordinated by the border agencies of the Parties.
Article 12 Border troops (border units) The Parties do not use inhumane and rude forms of treatment of border violators. The use of weapons by the border personnel of the Parties is determined by the internal legislation of the Parties and the relevant agreements of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and China.
Article 13 By agreement of the Parties, expert meetings are held to discuss the implementation of this Agreement. The meeting venue will be alternately the capitals of the States Parties to this Agreement.
Article 14 of this Agreement does not affect the obligations previously assumed by the Parties in relation to other States and is not directed against third countries and their interests.
Article 15 1. This Agreement is concluded for an unlimited period and may be amended or supplemented by agreement of the Parties. 2. Each of the Parties has the right to terminate this Agreement. The Party intending to terminate this Agreement shall notify the other Party in writing of its decision at least six months in advance. This Agreement shall expire six months after such notification. 3. Each State of the Joint Party has the right to withdraw from this Agreement. The State of the Joint Party intending to withdraw from this Agreement shall notify the other Party in writing of its decision at least six months in advance. 4. This Agreement remains in force as long as at least one State of the Joint Party that has not withdrawn from the Agreement and the Chinese Side remain Parties to it.
Article 16 The Parties shall notify each other of the completion by the Parties, including all States of the Joint Party, of the internal procedures necessary for the entry into force of this Agreement.
This Agreement shall enter into force on the date of the last written notification.
Russian Russian and Chinese texts: Done in Shanghai on April 26, 1996, in five originals, each in the Chinese and Russian languages, all texts in the Chinese and Russian languages being equally authentic.
FOR THE REPUBLIC FOR THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
FOR KYRGYZ
THE REPUBLIC
FOR THE RUSSIAN
THE FEDERATION
FOR THE REPUBLIC
Tadjikistan
Application
to the Agreement between the Republic
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic,
By the Russian Federation, the Republic of
Tajikistan and the People's Republic of China
The Republic of Moldova on Confidence-building in
military area near the border
Main categories of information exchange 1. The Parties shall exchange information on the number of personnel, weapons and military equipment of the ground forces, air force, air defense forces, border troops (border units) deployed in a geographical area to a depth of 100 kilometers perpendicular on both sides of the border line in accordance with the opinion of each Party on its passage. Information is exchanged according to the forms given in Table 1 and Table 2 of this Annex. 2. The categories of information exchange are: 2.1 - "personnel" means active military personnel serving in the ground forces, air force, air defense forces and border troops (border units); 2.2 - "border troops (border units)" means units and subunits performing tasks for the protection of the state border, excluding units and subunits that carry out border control at border checkpoints; 2.3 - "battle tank" means a self-propelled armored combat vehicle with high cross-country capability and armor protection, armed with a cannon of at least 75 mm caliber, having a 360-degree rotation angle, capable of hitting armored and other targets; 2.4 - "armored combat vehicle" means a tracked or wheeled combat vehicle with high cross-country capability and armored protection, designed to transport a rifle squad for conducting mobile combat operations. Armored fighting vehicles include armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles.; 2.5 - "artillery systems" means towed and self-propelled artillery guns of 122 mm caliber and above. Artillery systems of 122 mm caliber and above include cannons, howitzers, guns combining the properties of cannons and howitzers, mortars and multiple launch rocket systems; 2.6 - "tactical missile launcher" means a device designed to contain, prepare for launch and launch missiles with a range of up to 500 km; 2.7 - "combat aircraft" means an aircraft equipped with guided and unguided missiles, bombs, machine guns, aircraft cannons and other weapons used to destroy targets in operational and tactical depth. "Combat aircraft" does not include training aircraft used at the initial stage of training; 2.8 - "aerial reconnaissance and electronic warfare aircraft" means an aircraft specially designed (converted) and equipped with equipment designed for aerial reconnaissance and electronic warfare; 2.9 - "combat helicopter" means an armed rotary-wing aircraft designed to engage ground and air targets. "Combat helicopters" include attack helicopters and combat support helicopters: a) "attack helicopter" means a helicopter equipped for the use of anti-tank guided missiles, air-to-ground or air-to-air guided missiles and equipped with an integrated firing control and weapon guidance system.
b) "combat support helicopter" means a helicopter armed with a machine gun, cannon, unguided missiles, bombs or bomb cartridges and capable of performing combat missions such as hitting and suppressing targets.
Table 1
Exchange of information on staffing levels
personnel
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Kind of armed! Regular number of personnel (thousand people)
Forces (branch of the armed forces)!----------------------------------------------------
! shared ! on the East ! on the West
! ! The plot ! the plot
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Land- based
troops
Military-
The air force
Aviation troops
anti-aircraft
Defense
Total:
Borderline
troops
(borderline
parts)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2
Exchange of information on the number of weapons
and military equipment
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Categories (types) ! The number of weapons and military equipment
armaments and ! (in units)
Military equipment !--------------------------------------------------
! general ! on the East ! on the West
! ! The plot ! the plot
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Battle tanks
Combat
armored
cars
Artillery
calibre systems
122 mm and above
Launchers
tactical missiles
Combat aircraft
Aircrafts
intelligence and electronic warfare
Combat helicopters
Combat
armored
cars
Border troops
(border parts)
Combat helicopters
Border troops
(border parts)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
President
Republic of Kazakhstan
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